😎Day 46: Setting Up AWS EC2 and S3 Using Terraform

🎉 On Day 46 of our DevOps journey, we're diving into Terraform! Today, we'll learn how to provision an EC2 instance and an S3 bucket on AWS. 🚀 By the end, you'll be skilled in automating these crucial resources. Let’s get started! 🌟

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Prerequisites

✅Installing Terraform

Create an EC2 server:

Terraform is an open-source infrastructure as code software tool that provides a consistent CLI workflow to manage hundreds of cloud services. You need to install Terraform to provision and manage AWS resources.

Steps to Install Terraform on Ubuntu:

Go to the Terraform Official document https://developer.hashicorp.com/terraform/install?product_intent=terraform

1. Download Terraform For Linux:

    wget -O- https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/hashicorp-archive-keyring.gpg
    echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/hashicorp-archive-keyring.gpg] https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com $(lsb_release -cs) main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/hashicorp.list
    sudo apt update && sudo apt install terraform
   

   

   Paste the Command to EC2 server:

   

2. Verify the installation:

    terraform -version
   

   

✅AWS CLI

The AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI) is a unified tool that enables you to manage your AWS services from the command line. It allows you to automate tasks and manage multiple AWS services efficiently.

1. Download the AWS CLI Installer:

   • Go to the official AWS CLI Website.

   • Download the AWS CLI for LINUX Ubuntu users.

Run the following commands:

1.    curl "https://awscli.amazonaws.com/awscli-exe-linux-x86_64.zip" -o "awscliv2.zip"
   

2. Unzip the Installer:

   • Install unzip if it's not already installed:

    sudo apt update
    sudo apt install unzip

• Unzip the downloaded file:

    unzip awscliv2.zip

3. Run the Installer:

   • Run the install script:

    sudo ./aws/install

4. Verify the Installation:

   • Check the AWS CLI version:

    aws --version

5. Configure AWS CLI:

   • In your terminal, type:

    aws configure

• Enter the Access Key ID and Secret Access Key when prompted. Also, enter your preferred region (e.g., us-east-1) and output format (e.g., json).

✅AWS IAM User

AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) allows you to securely control access to AWS resources. You'll need an IAM user with appropriate permissions to connect your AWS account to Terraform.

Steps to Create and Configure IAM User:

1. Create an IAM user with suitable permissions.

   

2. Generate Access Keys (Access Key ID and Secret Access Key) for the IAM user.

   

3. Export the keys to your environment to allow Terraform to authenticate with AWS:

   

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✅Install Required Providers

Terraform uses providers to interact with cloud platforms and other services. The AWS provider is necessary to manage AWS resources.

Terraform Configuration:

1. Define the required providers and specify the AWS provider version in your main.tf file:

    terraform {
      required_providers {
        aws = {
          source = "hashicorp/aws"
          version = "5.64.0"
        }
      }
    }
   

2. Specify the AWS region where you want to provision resources:

    provider "aws" {
      region = "us-west-2"
    }
   

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✅Task 01: Creating an AWS EC2 Instance using Terraform

Now, let’s walk through provisioning an AWS EC2 instance using Terraform.

Add the following Terraform configuration to your main.tf file to create an EC2 Instance:

terraform {
  required_providers { 
    aws = { 
      source = "hashicorp/aws" 
      version = "5.64.0" 
     } 
   }
} 

provider "aws" {
region = "us-west-2" 
} 

resource "aws_instance" "aws_ec2_test" { 
         count = 4 
         ami = "ami-05134c8ef96964280" 
         instance_type = "t2.micro" 
         tags = { 
         Name = "TerraformTestServerInstance" 
    } 
}

Step 1: Initialize Terraform

To set up Terraform in your environment and download the required providers:

terraform init

Step 2: Review the Terraform Plan

Before applying the changes, it’s a good practice to review what Terraform will do. This step helps ensure that the configurations are correct.

terraform plan

Step 3: Apply the Terraform Configuration

Now, apply the Terraform configuration to provision the EC2 instances:

terraform apply

This will create the specified number of EC2 instances in the provided AWS region.

Step 4: Verify in AWS Console

After running terraform apply, you can verify that the EC2 instances have been created by logging into your AWS Management Console.

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✅Task 02: Creating an AWS S3 Bucket using Terraform

Next, let's create an AWS S3 bucket using Terraform. S3 is an object storage service that offers industry-leading scalability, data availability, security, and performance.

Step 1: Define the S3 Bucket Resource

Add the following Terraform configuration to your main.tf file to create an S3 bucket:

resource "random_string" "bucket_suffix" {
  length  = 8
  special = false
  upper   = false
}

resource "aws_s3_bucket" "example" {
  bucket = "my-tf-test-bucket-${random_string.bucket_suffix.result}"

  tags = {
    Name        = "My bucket"
    Environment = "Dev"
  }
}

Explanation:

• The random_string resource is used to generate a unique suffix for the S3 bucket name, ensuring that it is globally unique.

• The aws_s3_bucket resource creates the S3 bucket, with the bucket name including the unique suffix.

• Tags are added to the bucket for easier identification.

Step 2: Apply the Terraform Configuration

Run the following commands to create the S3 bucket:

1. Initialize Terraform:

    terraform init
   

   

2. Review the Plan:

    terraform plan
   

   

3. Apply the Configuration:

    terraform apply
   

   

   

Step 3: Verify the S3 Bucket in AWS Console

After applying the configuration, verify that the S3 bucket has been created by checking your AWS Management Console under the S3 service.

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Conclusion:

🚀 Wrapping up Day 46, you've successfully learned how to create AWS EC2 instances and S3 buckets using Terraform. This skill is a crucial step in automating cloud infrastructure, making your DevOps journey more efficient and scalable. Keep experimenting with Terraform, and soon, you'll be managing complex cloud environments with ease. 🌟

Keep up the great work, and let's continue this exciting journey together! 💪